Crowbar

Pickaxe

Spade and shovel

Saw

Spike Maul: The large hammer used when extra force was needed in the strikes - to split stones or drive things into the ground.

Wedge: Used to pry apart cracked stone blocks. They came in various sizes, and this one appears to be among the larger ones.

Drill and drill hammer. In the early days of railway constructions holes were made with this simple type of drill. One man held the drill while one or two struck it with a hammer. The person holding the drill had to turn it between each strike. (Holding the drill was not a popular job on Mondays, it is said.) When the hole was clear, it could be filled with black powder, later with dynamite.

Auger: Used for drilling into wood.

Track jack: A lever used to lift the entire track and to hold it in place under the sleepers when they were to be nailed down. There was also a smaller version called the "little track jack."

Tamping pickaxe and tamping spade: Used to tamp gravel and sand under the sleepers. Before the era of machines, this was the only way to compress the ballast under the track.

Dynamite heater: Used to keep dynamite warm in winter. Cold dynamite is dangerous to handle. The dynamite heater is a two-walled container where the dynamite is placed in the middle and the space is filled with warm water. Tough navvies, however, kept dynamite warm by tucking it inside their shirts.

Pad: Placed on the shoulder when carrying heavy items, such as rails or sleepers.

Carrying frame: Used as a backpack, then the load was securely fastened to it.

Food triangle: Had the important task of calling the navvies to meals. It hung outside the barracks where the cook was located.